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Built-in

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Set ​

shell
## https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Set-Builtin.html
set -e           # Exit on error
set -u           # Exit on undefined variables
set -o pipefail  # Throw error on command pipe failures
set -x           # Print the commands (-o xtrace)

Read ​

Read a value interactively and output its value to stdout:

shell
sleep "$(read -p 'Time: ' time && echo $time)"

Random ​

shell
echo $(( RANDOM % 10 ))